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Hreflang

An HTML attribute that tells search engines which language and regional version of a page to show to users in different locations.

May 1, 2026 / About 1 min read

SEO

Hreflang is an HTML link attribute that specifies the language and optional regional targeting of a web page. It helps search engines serve the correct language version of a page to users based on their language preferences and geographic location. The attribute is implemented using link tags with rel="alternate" and the hreflang value.

Hreflang is essential for multilingual websites that serve the same content in different languages. Without hreflang, search engines might index the wrong language version or treat translated pages as duplicate content. The attribute creates a bidirectional relationship: each language version must reference all other versions, including itself.

For URL shortening services that operate in multiple languages, hreflang ensures that search engines display the appropriate language version of the service's pages. The glossary page you are reading now, for example, uses hreflang to connect its Japanese, English, and Chinese versions.

Common hreflang mistakes include missing self-referencing tags, incomplete bidirectional references, incorrect language codes, and conflicts with canonical URLs. Google Search Console reports hreflang errors, making it an essential monitoring tool.

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Related Terms

Canonical URL

A mechanism that, when multiple URLs exist for the same content, specifies the URL that search engines should index preferentially.

Sitemap

An XML file that lists all important pages on a website, helping search engines discover and crawl content efficiently.

International SEO

The practice of optimizing a website so that search engines can identify which countries and languages the content targets.

Indexing

The process by which search engines store and organize web page content in their database for retrieval in search results.

SERP

Search Engine Results Page - the page displayed by a search engine in response to a user's query.

Anchor Text

The clickable text displayed in a hyperlink. An important SEO signal that tells search engines about the linked page's content.

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FAQ

How do you implement hreflang tags?
Place <link rel="alternate" hreflang="language-code" href="URL"> in the HTML <head>. They can also be specified in XML sitemaps or HTTP headers.
Is x-default necessary for hreflang?
It's recommended. x-default specifies the default page for users who don't match any specific language. Set it on language selection pages or global versions of pages.

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